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Healthcare in New York

New York State has the second-largest physician workforce in the nation with approximately 78,000 active physicians and a per capita rate of 399 per 100,000, far above the national average. New York City alone is home to some of the world's most prestigious medical institutions, including NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital (affiliated with Columbia and Cornell), NYU Langone Health, Mount Sinai, and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. The state has 13 medical schools, more than any other state, producing an enormous pipeline of new physicians. However, the contrast between New York City's healthcare abundance and upstate New York's growing shortages is dramatic. Rural communities in the Adirondacks, Southern Tier, and North Country face physician shortages and hospital closures that mirror challenges seen in the rural Midwest and South. Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse, and Albany serve as important regional healthcare centers for upstate populations. New York expanded Medicaid early and operates one of the most comprehensive state health insurance programs. The state's enormous immigrant population drives demand for multilingual providers. New York has invested heavily in graduate medical education, with more residency slots than any other state, and has been a leader in Medicaid reform and value-based payment models.